![]() ![]() Hence khalaqnā-kum but khalaqnal-insān Abū Sufyān but Abul-Qāsim fin-nār but fī-hi. Translation agencies will use their own best practices to produce high quality translations. I have, therefore, avoided the European forms and used the Arabic forms, Ismā’īl, Hājar, etc. The goal of the BOLT Phase 2 Translation process is to take Arabic source text drawn from SMS/chat conversations and translate it into fluent English while preserving all of the meaning present in the original Arabic text. ![]() Arabic keyboard (Arabic script) Arabic-Latin conversion. Arabic language: dictionary, grammar, literature. The character corresponds to (used in Germanic countries): Type h. The characters are also transliterated j, x. Some names, e.g., Ishmael, Hagar, etc., have acquired a contemptuous association in their European forms, while the persons they represent are sacred personages held in great honour in Islam. The characters are also transliterated th, kh, dh, sh, gh. Here the boundary is thin and rather ill-defined, and possibly my practice and that of my proof-readers have not been absolutely uniform.Ĥ. Hence Sūra, Fātiha, Hijra, etc., where the Arabic spelling would require Sūrah, Fātihah, Hijrah, etc.ģ. In internationalised words and names I have used the spelling ordinarily current in English e.g., Mecca, Medina, Maulvi, Urdu, Islam, Israel, Abraham, Jacob. The final h preceded by the short a is scarcely pronounced, and I have left it out. The name of the Holy Book is usually written Qurān but I prefer to write Qur-ān.Ģ. In other cases it has not been possible to show it without using a distinctive sign. To go from Buckwalter back to Unicode, set reverse1 for k, v in ems (): if not reverse: string string.replace (v, k. Where it is a hiatus preceded by a fatha, I have shown it by a second a: thus, Iqraa, the cave of Hiraa. This is the code I finally ended up with, that seems to be simpler and faster (this references a dictionary buck2uni): def transString (string, reverse0): Given a Unicode string, transliterate into Buckwalter. As a moved consonant, it is sufficiently shown in English by the long or short vowel which moves it, e.g., ab, Raūf. An apostrophe for it and an inverted apostrophe for the ‘ain (ع), or vice versa, is confusing to English readers. For the hamzā (ء) I have used no distinctive sign. ![]()
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